After some rogue GMO wheat was found earlier this year,
wheat's been in the news all summer. It's all about the Columbia River and the east side plateau.
But did you know that there used to be a huge wheat port right here on the Willamette River? On August 4th, 1875 the Directors of the Lincoln Warehouse and Shipping Company distributed a 20% dividend! A couple of years later they paid out a 40% dividend.
Wheat was significant business here and Lincoln, just
north of Salem on Wallace Road, an important transportation hub.
Writing about the town of Lincoln for the Oregon Encyclopedia, and drawing on the
WPA-writers project,
Willamette Landings,
Jim Scheppke notes
In Lincoln's heyday in the 1870s and 1880s, there were five large warehouses for storing grain, a grist mill, sawmill, beehive factory, blacksmith shop, tin shop, shoe and harness shop, store, lodge hall, church, school, and residences. By the late 1880s, about fifty people lived in Lincoln. As much as 350,000 bushels of grain were shipped downriver by steamboat annually, more than from any other port outside of Portland. As many as three steamboats a day carrying passengers and freight would leave Portland in the morning, go through the locks at Willamette Falls, and arrive in Lincoln by three in the afternoon.
Farmers harvested and hauled their wheat to Lincoln for about two months in the fall. At the height of the harvest, more than 100 carts and wagons would be lined up for a half-mile west on the road to town, waiting their turn at the warehouse. The harvest had to be stored for some months until the river was high enough for safe shipment in the winter and spring.
The scale of the port is hard to imagine today. There doesn't seem much in the way of photos or maps online. (Perhaps there are some buried in archives!)
But historical fiction comes to our rescue.
Writer
Joel Redon was born in Portland, but his family had settled in Spring Valley.
His great-grandfather was a veteran of the Civil War.
Redon died young in 1995 and is buried in the Zena Cemetery with many of his ancestors. His third and final book,
The Road to Zena, is about the area and contains a map.
While it is not safe to assume this is completely accurate in its exact details, it does represent the scale of settlement, farming, and commerce in Spring Valley and at Lincoln town.
 |
Spring Valley area, with Lincoln
late 19th century, from The Road to Zena |
Here's Lincoln today. The alignment of of the road may be different. There is a border between lots or fields that is in line with Zena Road, for example, and it is possible that line traces out the old road. The area is still a settlement, but the houses are modern, and few if any vestiges of the 19th century linger.